Pedestals, a low frame or lifting the slabs
There are three ways to do it, and the right one comes down to the height you have and the state of the slabs.
- Adjustable pedestals. Plastic or rubber supports, screwed up or down to take out the dips, carrying the joists. Quick, no digging, and easy to adjust if anything settles later.
- A low timber or aluminium frame on packers. Used when the patio is fairly flat. It can be slightly lower than pedestals, which helps when the door sill is close.
- Lifting the patio first. When there is not enough height, the slabs are broken, or water sits on the surface. The deck then goes on a frame on the ground, and the job looks more like a new build.
Concrete bases
Plain concrete, such as an old garage base or a cast slab behind a back door, makes an excellent base for a composite deck as long as it falls slightly away from the house. Cracks are not usually a problem unless one side has dropped.
What it saves, and what it does not
Leaving the patio in place saves the labour of lifting it and the cost of a skip, which is a real saving when all the waste would have to go back through the house. It also keeps weeds down for good, because the old slabs act as a membrane.
It does not save on boards or fixings. A deck over a patio uses exactly as many boards as one on the ground, and the pedestals are an extra line on the quote. Expect the saving to be in the groundwork, not the materials.
| Deck on top | Lift patio first | |
|---|---|---|
| Groundwork | None | Lift, level, membrane |
| Waste to remove | None | Usually a skip |
| Height above slabs | About 65 to 100 mm | Can go lower |
| Days on site, 15 m² | About 2 | About 3 to 4 |
Planning
Laying a deck over an existing patio does not normally need planning permission, because it adds only a few centimetres of height and stays well under the 30 cm limit for platforms. The usual exceptions apply for listed buildings and some conservation areas.